J1144 Black Hole Quasar
Meet J1144, a captivating cosmic entity, a supermassive black hole adorned with the title of the brightest and fastest-growing black hole in the last 9 billion years. This celestial juggernaut, located in the constellation Centaurus near the Southern Cross, has left astronomers in awe with its voracious appetite and remarkable characteristics.
What is J1144 Black Hole
The J1144 Black Hole is a supermassive black hole located at the center of a distant galaxy, often identified by its coordinates in the sky.
How Old is J1144 Black Hole
The exact age of the J1144 Black Hole is not precisely known, as its age estimation relies on properties of the surrounding galaxy. However, it is typically several billion years old.
How Big is J1144 Black Hole
The size of the J1144 Black Hole is characterized by its immense mass and gravitational influence.
J1144 Black Hole Size in Miles / Km
The exact size of the J1144 Black Hole is challenging to determine, as its characteristics are primarily described in terms of mass and gravitational effects rather than physical size.
J1144 Black Hole Solar Mass / Kg / Pounds
The J1144 Black Hole has a mass of approximately 2 billion solar masses, equivalent to approximately 3.95 × 10^39 kg or 8.71 × 10^39 pounds.
J1144 Black Hole Diameter in Miles / Km / Au / Light Years
The diameter of the J1144 Black Hole is not conventionally measured due to its nature. Instead, its characteristics are often described in terms of its Schwarzschild radius, which is a theoretical concept related to the size of the event horizon.
J1144 Black Hole Radius in light years
The J1144 Black Hole has a radius that corresponds to its Schwarzschild radius, which is approximately 19 light years.
J1144 Black Hole Location
The J1144 Black Hole is situated at the center of the galaxy associated with the coordinates J1144, typically provided in astronomical catalogs.
10 Interesting Fun Facts About J1144 Black Hole
- J1144 represents the celestial coordinates of the black hole's host galaxy in the sky.
- The black hole resides in the center of its host galaxy, influencing the galaxy's structure and dynamics.
- Observations of J1144 contribute to the understanding of the relationship between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies.
- The properties of J1144 may provide insights into the formation and evolution of massive black holes.
- The black hole's mass is an essential factor in shaping the galactic environment around it.
- J1144 is likely part of a larger cosmic structure, such as a galaxy cluster or group.
- The study of J1144 helps astronomers refine models of black hole growth and activity.
- The galaxy hosting J1144 may have unique characteristics influenced by the black hole's presence.
- The name "J1144 Black Hole" is derived from the astronomical coordinates used to identify objects in the sky.
- Further research on J1144 contributes to our broader understanding of the universe's structure and evolution.
J1144 Black Hole Distance from Earth in Light Years / Miles / Km
The exact distance of the J1144 Black Hole from Earth depends on the specific coordinates provided in astronomical catalogs. The distance can vary, and it is typically measured in millions or billions of light years. Specific data for this black hole is needed to provide a precise answer.
J1144 Black Hole
| Property | Details |
|---|---|
| Name | J1144 Black Hole Quasar |
| Designation | SMSS J114447.77–430859.3, J1144, J1144–4308 |
| Type | Quasar |
| Location | Constellation Centaurus, near the Southern Cross (Crux) |
| Coordinates | RA 11h44m, Declination –43 |
| Brightness (g) | 14.5 ABmag |
| Brightness (K) | 11.9 Vegamag |
| Discovery | SkyMapper Southern Survey (SMSS) |
| Intrinsic Luminosity | Most intrinsically luminous quasar known over the last ~9 billion years |
| Luminosity Comparison | 8 times greater than 3C 273 in Virgo |
| X-ray Jet Temperature | 60,000 times hotter than the surface of the sun |
| Distance from Earth | 9.6 billion light-years |
| Galaxy Hosting Quasar | Heart of a galaxy between the constellations of Centaurus and Hydra |
| Quasar Brightness Comparison | Around 100,000 billion times brighter than the sun |
| Mass of Black Hole | Approximately 10 billion times that of the sun |
| Feeding Rate | Growing at a rate of 100 suns per year |
| Ejected Powerful Winds | Injecting vast amounts of energy into its surrounding galaxy |
| X-ray Emission Variability | Varied on a timescale of just a few Earth days |
| Accretion Disk Brilliance | Brightest accretion disk ever detected, emitting 7,000 times more light than our galaxy |
| Discovery Year | Identified in visible light by SkyMapper Southern Survey in 2022 |
| Observatories Involved | Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) observatory, ESA XMM-Newton observatory, NASA's NuSTAR, NASA's Neil Gehrels Swift observatory |
| X-ray Temperature | Approximately 630 million degrees Fahrenheit (350 million degrees Celsius) |
| Visible to Amateur Astronomers | Accretion disk boundary visible with a powerful telescope |
| Scientific Significance | Provides insights into the early universe, supermassive black hole behavior, and cosmic events |
| Ongoing Monitoring | New monitoring campaign initiated in June to unravel more secrets |
| Researchers and Institutions | Led by Australian National University, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) Ph.D. candidate Zsofi Igo |
| Conclusion | J1144 stands as a cosmic marvel, challenging existing norms and offering a celestial stage for ongoing exploration and discovery |
A Hidden Gem: Discovery and Classification
J1144, also known as SMSS J114447.77–430859.3, was initially discovered during a search for binary stars. Despite its relatively bright appearance, the quasar eluded earlier classifications due to its location near the crowded fields of the galactic equator. Identified through the SkyMapper Southern Survey (SMSS), J1144 emerged as an extraordinary cosmic revelation.
The Luminous Marvel: Intrinsic Brightness and Spectral Properties
In the realm of quasars, J1144 stands as a luminous masterpiece. Examining various data sets, astronomers have declared it the most intrinsically luminous quasar known over the last ~9 billion years of cosmic history. With a luminosity eight times greater than the well-known 3C 273 in Virgo, J1144 illuminates the cosmic stage like no other.
A Surprising Discovery: The Hidden Quasar
J1144, the enigmatic quasar nestled in the constellation Centaurus, emerges from the cosmic tapestry as a revelation. Initially identified during a search for binary stars, its brightness had concealed its true nature in earlier searches that avoided the crowded fields near the galactic equator.
Cosmic Brilliance: Intrinsic Luminosity and Spectral Insights
Astronomers, armed with data from the SkyMapper Southern Survey (SMSS), have crowned J1144 as the most intrinsically luminous quasar known over approximately 9 billion years of cosmic history. With a luminosity surpassing even the notable 3C 273 in Virgo, J1144's brilliance defies cosmic norms, inviting scientists to unravel the mysteries within.
The X-ray Symphony: A Stellar Jet of Unprecedented Heat
In an unprecedented observation, astronomers delved into the heart of J1144, only to discover a jet of X-rays beaming out, registering a temperature 60,000 times hotter than the surface of the sun. This revelation sheds light on the intricate dance of energetic jets surrounding the black hole, adding a new chapter to the study of quasars.
Quasars Unmasked: Galactic Feeding Frenzy
Quasars, exemplified by J1144, showcase a phenomenon where black holes exhibit bright, energetic jets of electromagnetic radiation as they feed on gases at the center of galaxies. J1144, situated 9.6 billion light-years away, outshines the combined light of every star in its cosmic abode, offering astronomers a unique opportunity to study these cosmic events in the early universe.
Early Universe Insights: Galactic Gas and Dust
The prevalence of quasars in the early universe, like J1144, is theorized to be linked to the abundance of gas and dust in galaxies shortly after the Big Bang. This rich reservoir of fuel enabled central black holes to unleash bright emissions across the electromagnetic spectrum. J1144 becomes a cosmic time capsule, providing insights into the universe's formative years.
Observational Symphony: A Stellar Ensemble of Space-based Observatories
To decipher the secrets of J1144, astronomers orchestrated a symphony of observations from several space-based observatories. The Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) observatory's eROSITA instrument, ESA XMM-Newton observatory, NASA's NuSTAR, and NASA's Neil Gehrels Swift observatory collaborated in a cosmic ballet to measure the temperature of the X-rays emitted by the quasar.
Cosmic Anomalies: The Black Hole's Mass, Feeding Frenzy, and Powerful Winds
J1144's black hole, with a mass around 10 billion times that of the sun, devours matter at a staggering rate of 100 suns per year. The colossal feeding frenzy is accompanied by powerful winds, injecting immense energy into its surrounding galaxy. These revelations paint a vivid picture of the dynamic interplay between supermassive black holes and their cosmic environments.
X-ray Beams and Galactic Jet: A Cosmic Ballet
Staring deep into the heart of J1144, astronomers were astonished to discover a jet of X-rays emanating from the black hole, registering a temperature 60,000 times hotter than the surface of the sun. This finding not only adds a new layer to our understanding of quasars but also unveils the complex cosmic ballet of energetic jets surrounding these celestial behemoths.
Quasars Unveiled: Bright Black Holes and Cosmic Feeding
Quasars, like J1144, are cosmic phenomena characterized by bright, energetic jets of electromagnetic radiation as they feed on gases at the center of galaxies. The most luminous example seen in the last 9 billion years, J1144 resides at the heart of a galaxy 9.6 billion light-years away, outshining the combined light of every star in its cosmic abode.
The Cosmic Puzzle: Early Universe and Galactic Surroundings
Scientists theorize that quasars like J1144 thrived in the early universe due to the richness of gas and dust in galaxies shortly after the Big Bang. This abundance of fuel empowered central black holes to emit bright emissions across the electromagnetic spectrum. Studying J1144 provides astronomers with invaluable insights into these powerful cosmic events and their impact on galactic surroundings.
Observational Odyssey: Combining Space-based Observatories
To unravel the secrets of J1144, astronomers conducted a comprehensive study, combining observations from various space-based observatories. Instruments from the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) observatory, ESA XMM-Newton observatory, NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR), and NASA's Neil Gehrels Swift observatory played crucial roles in understanding the temperature and characteristics of the X-rays emitted by the quasar.
The Black Hole Chronicles: Mass, Feeding, and Powerful Winds
The colossal black hole behind J1144's emissions boasts a mass approximately 10 billion times that of the sun. Its voracious feeding frenzy, at a rate of 100 suns per year, sets it apart even among supermassive black holes. Astonishingly, powerful winds ejected from J1144 inject vast amounts of energy into its surrounding galaxy, revealing the intricate interplay between black holes and their cosmic environments.
X-ray Variability: An Unexpected Revelation
A distinctive feature of J1144 that surprised astronomers is the variability of its X-ray emissions on a timescale of just a few Earth days. Typically, such variability in quasars of this size occurs over months or even years, making J1144 an intriguing anomaly in the cosmic tapestry.
Brightest and Fastest-Growing: Records Shattered
J1144's sheer massiveness, rapidly expanding nature, and insatiable appetite set it apart from other supermassive black holes. Outshining even Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the heart of the Milky Way, J1144 devours matter at an astounding rate, swallowing an Earth-size chunk every second.
A Glimpse into the Unseen: Accretion Disk Brilliance
Black holes, invisible themselves, reveal their presence through intense gravity that pulls matter into accretion disks. J1144's accretion disk is the brightest ever detected, emitting around 7,000 times more light than our entire galaxy. This brilliance renders it visible even to amateur astronomers equipped with powerful telescopes.
The Cosmic Odyssey Continues: Unraveling J1144's Origins
While J1144's extraordinary characteristics captivate astronomers, the quest to understand its origins and why it remains unusually hungry for matter unfolds. The possibility of a catastrophic cosmic event, such as the collision of two galaxies, emerges as a potential explanation.
Conclusion: J1144's Enduring Legacy
J1144, the celestial marvel discovered by Australian astronomers, stands as a testament to the boundless wonders of the cosmos. Its record-breaking brilliance, mysterious feeding patterns, and unique features offer astronomers a cosmic canvas to explore. As the cosmic odyssey of J1144 continues, it leaves an indelible mark on our understanding of supermassive black holes, quasars, and the intricate dance of cosmic forces. Stay tuned for more revelations from the depths of space.